Kampala, Uganda | By Michael Wandati | Uganda, fondly known as the Pearl of Africa, is a breathtaking gem with lush landscapes, diverse wildlife, and rich cultural heritage. Whether you’re an adventure seeker, a nature lover, or a history enthusiast, Uganda has something extraordinary to offer.
Here’s a guide to some of the country’s top tourist destinations and essential information on entry requirements for international travelers.
1. Bwindi Impenetrable National Park – For the Gorilla trekking experience
Bwindi Imenetrable National Park is famous for its mountain gorillas, offering a once-in-a-lifetime chance to see these majestic creatures up close. Nestled in a thick rainforest, the park’s gorilla trekking experience is both challenging and deeply rewarding.
A professional guide leads you through rugged terrain to encounter a family of gorillas in their natural habitat. The park is also home to other wildlife, including elephants, monkeys, and over 350 bird species.
Pro Tip: Permits are limited, so book in advance to secure a spot.
2. Murchison Falls National Park – A journey of wildlife and waterfalls
Murchison Falls National Park, located on the Nile River, is a sight to behold. The falls narrow from 50 meters to just seven, creating a powerful cascade into the river below.
This park is ideal for game drives, with sightings of elephants, lions, giraffes, and more. Boat cruises on the Nile offer a unique perspective, taking you close to the falls and giving you the chance to spot hippos, crocodiles, and an array of birds.
Don’t Miss: The top of the falls viewpoint offers a stunning panorama and a chance to feel the raw power of the Nile.
3. Queen Elizabeth National Park – Diverse wildlife in breathtaking landscapes
Queen Elizabeth National Park is renowned for its biodiversity and scenic beauty, making it a must-visit for both local and international travelers.
The park is home to famous tree-climbing lions in the Ishasha sector, large herds of elephants, buffaloes, and a variety of antelopes. A boat ride on the Kazinga Channel reveals a world of hippos, crocodiles, and exotic birds.
With its volcanic craters and sparkling lakes, this park is a photographer’s paradise.
Ideal For: Safaris, bird watching, and game drives.
4. Kibale National Park – The primates’ paradise
Kibale National Park is the go-to destination for those interested in chimpanzee tracking. Often called the primate capital of East Africa, Kibale boasts 13 different primate species, with chimpanzees being the stars of the show.
Guided treks take you deep into the forest for a chance to observe these playful primates.
Perfect For: Nature enthusiasts and primate lovers. Kibale also offers nighttime treks to experience the forest’s nocturnal life.
5. Lake Bunyonyi – Tranquility and scenic views
Known for its 29 small islands scattered across crystal-clear waters, Lake Bunyonyi is Uganda’s most beautiful lake and an ideal retreat for relaxation. The surrounding rolling hills and misty landscapes provide a serene atmosphere.
Activities here include canoeing, island-hopping, swimming, and hiking.
Why Visit: A peaceful escape, especially after gorilla trekking in Bwindi, with lovely eco-lodges offering splendid lake views.
6. Jinja – The Source of the Nile and adrenaline capital
For thrill-seekers, Jinja is the ultimate destination. It’s where the Nile River begins its journey, and it offers some of the best white-water rafting in the world.
Other activities include bungee jumping, kayaking, quad biking, and river cruises.
Must-try: Rafting on the Nile is exhilarating and is a top-rated experience for adventure enthusiasts.
7. Rwenzori Mountains – The mystical Mountains of the Moon
The Rwenzori Mountains, also known as the Mountains of the Moon, are perfect for adventurous hikers. With snow-capped peaks and unique flora, these mountains offer one of Africa’s most challenging and rewarding treks.
Margherita Peak, at 5,109 meters, is a popular climb for experienced mountaineers.
Highlights: Scenic views, unique plant species, and glacial landscapes make this trek unforgettable.
8. Kampala – Uganda’s vibrant capital
Kampala, the heart of Uganda’s culture and history, offers a range of attractions.
Visit the Uganda Museum, the Kasubi Tombs (a UNESCO World Heritage site), and the Buganda Royal Palace.
Kampala is also famous for its bustling markets, lively nightlife, and delicious street food.
Also Read: Exploring Uganda’s national parks: A guide for adventure seekers
Top spot: The Ndere Cultural Centre showcases Uganda’s diverse cultures through music and dance performances, perfect for an evening of entertainment and learning.
9. Ssese Islands in Lake Victoria
The Ssese Islands, a cluster of over 80 islands nestled in Lake Victoria, Uganda, are renowned for their stunning beaches, perfect for a peaceful evening of unwinding as the sun sets over the horizon.
Though the Ssese Islands have earned a favorable reputation, they remain relatively uncrowded, making them an excellent choice for a tranquil beach retreat in Uganda. This serene destination is ideal for solo travelers seeking quiet or as a relaxing finale to a larger Ugandan adventure.
10. Entebbe
For a convenient and lively destination near Uganda’s main airport, Entebbe is a perfect choice. This historic town offers something for every traveler, from relaxing on the scenic beaches of Lake Victoria to exploring the lush Entebbe Botanical Gardens.
Animal lovers can visit the Reptile Village and the Uganda Wildlife Education Center (Entebbe Zoo) to get a closer look at Uganda’s unique wildlife.
Entebbe also carries a rich colonial history, with remnants of its past as an administrative center visible in the town’s architecture and landmarks. Whether you’re on a short visit or simply prefer to stay close to the airport, Entebbe’s attractions make it an ideal stop.
11. Mount Elgon National Park
Mount Elgon, the centerpiece of Mount Elgon National Park, spans the border between Uganda and Kenya, standing tall at over 4,000 meters above sea level. Its remarkable beauty unfolds through diverse climate zones on the way to its summit.
At the peak, you’ll find the world’s largest mountain caldera, complete with hot springs and geysers, offering a surreal experience. In June 2023, UNESCO designated the Mount Elgon Biosphere Reserve, shared by Uganda and Kenya, as a World Heritage Men and Biosphere Reserve.
For mountain climbing enthusiasts, Mount Elgon provides a rewarding yet manageable alternative to the more challenging Rwenzori ranges, making it an attractive option compared to Mount Kilimanjaro.
12. Lake Mburo National Park
Lake Mburo National Park is often praised as a hidden gem of Ugandan wildlife, conveniently located just about four hours from Kampala along the Kampala-Mbarara Highway.
Known for its vibrant zebra population, Lake Mburo also offers the chance to see thriving giraffes, which were introduced a few years back and have adapted well to the park.
Unlike other savannah parks, Lake Mburo has no dangerous predators, allowing visitors to embark on guided walking safaris, getting up close to zebras, giraffes, and kobs.
Nearby, the park is bordered by private ranches belonging to the Bahima people, where visitors can learn about the Ankole culture and even try milking the distinctive Ankole long-horned cows.
13. Mgahinga Gorilla National Park
Mgahinga Gorilla National Park is Uganda’s other renowned destination for mountain gorilla sightings. Located in the southwestern corner of the country, it borders the gorilla habitats in Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Aside from gorillas, Mgahinga is also home to rare golden monkeys and three spectacular volcanic mountains that attract climbers. Hiking Mount Sabinyo is a unique experience, as reaching the summit allows you to stand at the point where Uganda, Rwanda, and the DR Congo meet.
14. Sipi Falls, Kapchorwa
Sipi Falls, a trio of stunning waterfalls located just outside Mount Elgon National Park in Eastern Uganda, is one of the country’s most beloved natural attractions. The hike to Sipi Falls takes you through charming local villages, offering a glimpse into rural Ugandan life.
For adventure enthusiasts, Sipi offers rock climbing and the thrill of abseiling down the falls. Situated in Uganda’s coffee-growing region, Sipi also invites visitors to enjoy a coffee tour and tasting experience, making it a must-visit for both nature lovers and coffee aficionados.
15. Kidepo Valley National Park
Kidepo Valley National Park, situated in Uganda’s remote northeastern corner bordering Kenya and South Sudan, is one of Africa’s last truly untouched wilderness areas. Its isolation from other parks has preserved its raw, wild beauty.
In Kidepo, visitors encounter an impressive variety of wildlife, including elephants, lions, leopards, buffalos, hippos, zebras, and giraffes, set against sweeping landscapes.
With an abundance of both animals and bird species, Kidepo offers an unparalleled experience for those seeking an authentic African wilderness adventure.
16. Semuliki National Park
Semuliki National Park is unique in Uganda, as it seamlessly blends the ecosystems of Eastern and Central Africa, making it a habitat for a diverse array of wildlife from both regions.
The park is famous for its hot springs, known as the male and female springs, which are believed to possess healing properties cherished by the local communities. Semuliki is also a top destination for birdwatching, thanks to its rich and varied ecosystem, attracting bird enthusiasts from around the globe.
Whether you’re interested in wildlife, cultural experiences, or simply enjoying nature, Semuliki offers a one-of-a-kind adventure.
17. Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary
Due to the instability and poaching that plagued Uganda in the 1970s, rhinos became extinct in the country.
However, in 2005, efforts were made to reintroduce these magnificent creatures to their natural habitat at the Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary.
Since then, the rhino population has steadily increased, and they now coexist with a variety of other wildlife within the sanctuary.
Visitors to Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary often enjoy the unique experience of observing rhinos up close on foot, immersing themselves in the natural surroundings. Ziwa has also become a popular stop for travelers en route to Murchison Falls National Park, making it an essential part of any Ugandan wildlife itinerary.
18. Uganda Martyrs Shrine
In the late 1880s, Kabaka Mwanga, the king of Buganda, ordered the capture and execution of his subjects who refused to abandon their Christian faith in favor of traditional beliefs. This tragic decision led to the burning of 26 young men who chose to stand firm in their beliefs rather than renounce their faith.
This significant event took place at Namugongo, where the Uganda Martyrs are commemorated annually on June 3rd. For those of Christian faith, planning a safari around early June offers the opportunity to participate in the celebrations alongside both local and international pilgrims.
While the story of the Uganda Martyrs resonates deeply with Christians, it carries an inspiring message for people of all faiths. Rather than stifling the spread of new religions and ideas, the sacrifice of these martyrs ultimately helped to accelerate the growth of Christianity in the region.
19. Bigodi Wetland Sanctuary
The Bigodi Wetland Sanctuary is a community-led conservation initiative aimed at preserving the Magombe swamp. Situated just outside Kibale National Park, this sanctuary provides visitors with an incredible opportunity to observe chimpanzees in their natural habitat.
The swamp is home to over 10 species of primates and hundreds of bird species, making a walk through the area a delightful experience for nature enthusiasts. By visiting Bigodi, tourists not only enjoy the beauty of the wetland but also contribute directly to the local community and support ongoing conservation efforts in the area.
20. Nyero Rock Paintings
The Nyeo rock paintings, first documented in 1913, are believed to be over 800 years old and stand out as some of the most significant rock art in Uganda. These paintings are thought to be linked to the Batwa hunter-gatherers, who likely inhabited the region during that time.
Today, the Batwa are a minority tribe residing near the forested areas along the border of Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, preserving their rich cultural heritage amidst changing times.
21. Mabamba Swamp
Mabamba Swamp, located on the shores of Lake Victoria, is renowned as the best spot in Uganda—and possibly the entire world—for spotting the elusive shoebill stork.
This unique bird captivates both casual observers and avid birdwatchers alike, making Mabamba a popular destination for those looking to enhance their birding experiences.
Its proximity to other attractions makes it an excellent option for a concluding activity at the end of a longer safari or as a standalone birding excursion for visitors with limited time in Uganda, such as those on brief business trips.
Entry requirements for international travelers
For international travelers visiting Uganda, here are the essential documents and entry requirements:
- Visa: Most tourists need a visa to enter Uganda, which can be obtained online through the eVisa system or upon arrival at the airport. A single-entry tourist visa typically costs $50 and is valid for 90 days. For those planning to visit neighboring countries like Kenya and Rwanda, the East Africa Tourist Visa ($100) allows seamless travel within these three nations.
- Passport: A valid passport with at least six months of validity remaining is required.
- Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: A valid Yellow Fever vaccination certificate is mandatory for entry into Uganda. Some airlines may request this document upon departure.
- COVID-19 requirements: Check current guidelines, as entry requirements may vary due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, a PCR test or proof of vaccination may or may not be required.
- Travel insurance: Though not mandatory, travel insurance covering health, accident, and repatriation is highly recommended.
- Gorilla and chimpanzee trekking permits: Specific permits are required for gorilla and chimpanzee trekking, which can be booked through the Uganda Wildlife Authority or registered tour operators. Gorilla trekking permits typically cost $700 for foreign nationals, while chimpanzee permits range around $200.
Tips for an unforgettable Ugandan adventure
- Plan Ahead: Uganda’s peak tourist season is from June to September and December to February, so booking permits, accommodations, and tours in advance is wise.
- Pack for Adventure: Comfortable hiking shoes, insect repellent, and lightweight but warm clothing are essential, especially for high-altitude parks like Bwindi and the Rwenzori Mountains.
- Respect Local Customs: Uganda is a culturally diverse country with warm hospitality. Respecting local customs and being mindful of traditions will enhance your experience.
Uganda’s diverse attractions—from exhilarating adventures on the Nile to tranquil lakes and rich wildlife—make it an extraordinary destination for both local and international tourists.
Embrace the adventure, soak in the landscapes, and experience why Uganda truly is the Pearl of Africa.
